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  Campbell, Reece: Biología, 7ª edición
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Chapter 1: Exploring Life

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 1.1  Biologists explore life from the microscopic to the global scale
 Activity: The Levels of Life Card Game
 Activity: Energy Flow and Chemical Cycling
 Activity: Heritable Information: DNA
 Activity: Comparing Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
 Video: Seahorse Camouflage
 
 Concept 1.2  Biological systems are much more than the sum of their parts
 Activity: Regulation: Negative and Positive Feedback
 
 Concept 1.3  Biologists explore life across its great diversity of species
 Activity: Classification Schemes
 
 Concept 1.4  Evolution accounts for life's unity and diversity
 Investigation: How Do Environmental Changes Affect a Population?
 Activity: Form Fits Function: Cells
 Video: Soaring Hawk
 Video: Albatross Courtship Ritual
 Video: Blue-footed Boobies Courtship Ritual
 Video: Galápagos Islands Overview
 Video: Galápagos Marine Iguana
 Video: Galápagos Sea Lion
 Video: Galápagos Tortoise
 
 Concept 1.5  Biologists use various forms of inquiry to explore life
 Graph It: An Introduction to Graphing
 Investigation: How Does Acid Precipitation Affect Trees?
 Activity: Science, Technology, and Society: DDT
 
 Concept 1.6  A set of themes connects the concepts of biology
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 2: The Chemical Context of Life

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 2.1  Matter consists of chemical elements in pure form and in combinations called compounds
 Investigation: How Are Space Rocks Analyzed for Signs of Life?
 
 Concept 2.2  An element's properties depend on the structure of its atoms
 Activity: Structure of the Atomic Nucleus
 Activity: Electron Arrangement
 Activity: Build an Atom
 
 Concept 2.3  The formation and function of molecules depends on chemical bonding between atoms
 Activity: Covalent Bonds
 Activity: Nonpolar and Polar Molecules
 Activity: Ionic Bonds  
 Activity: Hydrogen Bonds
 
 Concept 2.4  Chemical reactions make and break chemical bonds
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 3: Water and the Fitness of the Environment

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 3.1  The polarity of water molecules results in hydrogen bonding
 Activity: The Polarity of Water      
 
 Concept 3.2  Four emergent properties of water contribute to Earth's fitness for life
 Activity: Cohesion of Water
 
 Concept 3.3  Dissociation of water molecules leads to acidic and basic conditions that affect living organisms
 Activity: Dissociation of Water Molecules
 Activity: Acids, Bases, and pH  
 Investigation: How Does Acid Precipitation Affect Trees?
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 4: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
Concept 4.1  Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds
 
 Concept 4.2  Carbon atoms can form diverse molecules by bonding to four other atoms
 Activity: Diversity of Carbon-Based Molecules
 Activity: Isomers
 Investigation: What Factors Determine the Effectiveness of Drugs?
 
 Concept 4.3  Functional groups are the parts of molecules involved in chemical reactions
 Activity: Functional Groups  
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 5: The Structure and Function of Macromolecules

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 5.1  Most macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers
  Activity: Making and Breaking Polymers  
 
 Concept 5.2  Carbohydrates serve as fuel and building material
 Activity: Models of Glucose  
 Activity: Carbohydrates
 
 Concept 5.3  Lipids are a diverse group of hydrophobic molecules
 Activity: Lipids
 
 Concept 5.4 Proteins have many structures, resulting in a wide range of functions
 Activity: Protein Functions
 Activity: Protein Structure
 Biology Labs On-Line: HemoglobinLab
 
 Concept 5.5  Nucleic acids store and transmit hereditary information
 Activity: Nucleic Acid Functions
 Activity: Nucleic Acid Structure
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 6: A Tour of the Cell

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 6.1  To study cells, biologists use microscopes and the tools of biochemistry
 Activity: Metric System Review  
 Investigation: What Is the Size and Scale of Our World?
 
 Concept 6.2 Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions
 Activity: Prokaryotic Cell Structure and Function
 Activity: Comparing Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
 Activity: Build an Animal Cell and a Plant Cell
 
 Concept 6.3  The eukaryotic cell's genetic instructions are housed in the nucleus and carried out by the ribosomes
 Activity: Role of the Nucleus and Ribosomes in Protein Synthesis  
 
 Concept 6.4  The endomembrane system regulates protein traffic and performs metabolic functions in the cell
 Activity: The Endomembrane System  
 
 Concept 6.5  Mitochondria and chloroplasts change energy from one form to another
 Activity: Build a Chloroplast and a Mitochondrion
 
 Concept 6.6  The cytoskeleton is a network of fibers that organizes structures and activities in the cell
 Activity: Cilia and Flagella  
 Video: Chlamydomonas
 Video: Paramecium Vacuole
 Video: Paramecium Cilia
 Video: Cytoplasmic Streaming
 
 Concept 6.7  Extracellular components and connections between cells help integrate cells into higher levels of structure and function
 Activity: Cell Junctions  
 Activity: Review: Animal Cell Structure and Function
 Activity: Review: Plant Cell Structure and Function
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 7: Membrane Structure and Function

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 7.1  Cellular membranes are fluid mosaics of lipids and proteins
 Activity: Membrane Structure
 
 Concept 7.2  Membrane structure results in selective permeability
 Activity: Selective Permeability of Membranes
 
 Concept 7.3  Passive transport is diffusion of a substance across a membrane with no energy expenditure
 Activity: Diffusion
 Activity: Osmosis and Water Balance in Cells
 Video: Paramecium Vacuole
 Video: Chlamydomonas
 Video: Turgid Elodea
 Video: Plasmolysis
 Investigation: How Do Salt Concentrations Affect Cells?
 Activity: Facilitated Diffusion
 
 Concept 7.4  Active transport uses energy to move solutes against their gradients
 Activity: Active Transport
 
 Concept 7.5  Bulk transport across the plasma membrane occurs by exocytosis and endocytosis
 Activity: Exocytosis and Endocytosis
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 8: An Introduction to Metabolism

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 8.1  An organism's metabolism transforms matter and energy, subject to the laws of thermodynamics
 Activity: Energy Transformations
 
 Concept 8.2  The free energy change of a reaction tells us whether the reaction occurs spontaneously
 
 Concept 8.3  ATP powers cellular work by coupling exergonic reactions to endergonic reactions
 Activity: The Structure of ATP
 Activity: Chemical Reactions and ATP
 
 Concept 8.4  Enzymes speed up metabolic reactions by lowering energy barriers
 Activity: How Enzymes Work
 Investigation: How Is the Rate of Enzyme Catalysis Measured?
 Biology Labs On-Line: EnzymeLab
 
 Concept 8.5  Regulation of enzyme activity helps control metabolism
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Overview: Life is Work
 Activity: Build a Chemical Cycling System
 
 Concept 9.1  Catabolic pathways yield energy by oxidizing organic fuels
 Activity: Overview of Cellular Respiration
 
 Concept 9.2  Glycolysis harvests chemical energy by oxidizing glucose to pyruvate
 Activity: Glycolysis
 
 Concept 9.3  The citric acid cycle completes the energy-yielding oxidation of organic molecules
 Activity: The Citric Acid Cycle
 
 Concept 9.4  During oxidative phosphorylation, chemiosmosis couples electron transport to ATP synthesis
 Activity: Electron Transport
 Biology Labs On-Line: Mitochondria Lab
 Investigation: How Is the Rate of Cellular Respiration Measured?
 
 Concept 9.5  Fermentation enables some cells to produce ATP without the use of oxygen
 Activity: Fermentation
 
 Concept 9.6  Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle connect to many other metabolic pathways
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 10: Photosynthesis

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 10.1  Photosynthesis converts light energy to the chemical energy of food
  Activity: The Sites of Photosynthesis
 Activity: Overview of Photosynthesis
 
 Concept 10.2  The light reactions convert solar energy to the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH
 Activity: Light Energy and Pigments
 Investigation: How Does Paper Chromatography Separate Plant Pigments?
 Activity: The Light Reactions
 
 Concept 10.3  The Calvin cycle uses ATP and NADPH to convert CO2 to sugar
 Activity: The Calvin Cycle
 Investigation: How Is the Rate of Photosynthesis Measured?
 Biology Labs On-Line: Leaf Lab
 
 Concept 10.4 Alternative mechanisms of carbon fixation have evolved in hot, arid climates
 Activity: Photosynthesis in Dry Climates
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 11: Cell Communication

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 11.1  External signals are converted into responses within the cell
 Investigation: How Do Cells Communicate with Each Other?
 Activity: Overview of Cell Signaling
 
 Concept 11.2  Reception: A signal molecule binds to a receptor protein, causing it to change shape
 Activity: Reception
 
  Concept 11.3  Transduction: Cascades of molecular interactions relay signals from receptors to target molecules in the cell
 Activity: Signal Transduction Pathways
 
 Concept 11.4 Response: Cell signaling leads to regulation of cytoplasmic activities or transcription
 Activity: Cellular Responses
 Activity: Build a Signaling Pathway
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 12: The Cell Cycle

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 12.1  Cell division results in genetically identical daughter cells
 Activity: Roles of Cell Division
 
 Concept 12.2  The mitotic phase alternates with interphase in the cell cycle
 Activity: The Cell Cycle
 Activity: Mitosis and Cytokinesis Animation
 Activity: Mitosis and Cytokinesis Video
 Investigation: How Much Time Do Cells Spend in Each Phase of Mitosis?
 Video: Animal Mitosis (time-lapse)
  Video: Sea Urchin Embryonic Development (time-lapse)
 
Concept 12.3  The cell cycle is regulated by a molecular control system
 Activity: Causes of Cancer
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 13.1  Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes
 Activity: Asexual and Sexual Life Cycles  
 Video: Hydra Budding
 
 Concept 13.2  Fertilization and meiosis alternate in sexual life cycles
 
 Concept 13.3  Meiosis reduces the number of chromosome sets from diploid to haploid
 Activity: Meiosis Animation  
 
 Concept 13.4  Genetic variation produced in sexual life cycles contributes to evolution
 Activity: Origins of Genetic Variation  
 Investigation: How Can the Frequency of Crossing Over Be Estimated?
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 14: Mendel and the Gene Idea

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 14.1  Mendel used the scientific approach to identify two laws of inheritance
 Activity: Monohybrid Cross
 Activity: Dihybrid Cross
 
 Concept 14.2  The laws of probability govern Mendelian inheritance
 Activity: Gregor's Garden
 
 Concept 14.3  Inheritance patterns are often more complex than predicted by simple Mendelian genetics
 Activity: Incomplete Dominance  
 
 Concept 14.4  Many human traits follow Mendelian patterns of inheritance
 
 Investigation: How Do You Diagnose a Genetic Disorder?
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 15: The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 15.1  Mendelian inheritance has its physical basis in the behavior of chromosomes
 
 Concept 15.2  Linked genes tend to be inherited together because they are located near each other on the same chromosome
 Activity: Linked Genes and Crossing Over
 
 Concept 15.3  Sex-linked genes exhibit unique patterns of inheritance
 Activity: Sex-Linked Genes
 Investigation: What Can Fruit Flies Reveal About Inheritance?
 Biology Labs On-Line: FlyLab
 Biology Labs On-Line: PedigreeLab
 
 Concept 15.4  Alterations of chromosome number or structure cause some genetic disorders
 Activity: Polyploid Plants  
 
 Concept 15.5  Some inheritance patterns are exceptions to the standard chromosome theory
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 16: The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 16.1  DNA is the genetic material
 Activity: The Hershey-Chase Experiment
  Activity: DNA and RNA Structure
  Activity: DNA Double Helix
 
 Concept 16.2  Many proteins work together in DNA replication and repair
  Activity: DNA Replication: An Overview
  Investigation: What Is the Correct Model for DNA Replication?
 Activity: DNA Replication: A Closer Look
  Activity: DNA Replication: A Review
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 17: From Gene to Protein

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 17.1  Genes specify proteins via transcription and translation
 Investigation: How Is a Metabolic Pathway Analyzed?
 Activity: Overview of Protein Synthesis
 
 Concept 17.2  Transcription is the DNA-directed synthesis of RNA: a closer look
 Activity: Transcription
 
 Concept 17.3  Eukaryotic cells modify RNA after transcription
 Activity: RNA Processing
 
 Concept 17.4  Translation is the RNA-directed synthesis of a polypeptide: a closer look
 Activity: Translation
 Biology Labs On-Line: TranslationLab
 
 Concept 17.5  RNA plays multiple roles in the cell: a review
 
 Concept 17.6  Comparing gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes reveals key differences
 
 Concept 17.7  Point mutations can affect protein structure and function
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 18: The Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 18.1  A virus has a genome but can reproduce only within a host cell
 Activity: Simplified Viral Reproductive Cycle
 Activity: Phage Lytic Cycle
 Activity: Phage Lysogenic and Lytic Cycles
 Activity: Retrovirus (HIV) Reproductive Cycle
 
 Concept 18.2  Viruses, viroids, and prions are formidable pathogens in animals and plants
 Investigation: What Causes Infections in AIDS Patients?
 Investigation: Why Do AIDS Rates Differ Across the U.S.?
 
 Concept 18.3  Rapid reproduction, mutation, and genetic recombination contribute to the genetic diversity of bacteria
 Video: Prokaryotic Flagella
 Investigation: What Are the Patterns of Antibiotic Resistance?
 
 Concept 18.4  Individual bacteria respond to environmental change by regulating their gene expression
 Activity: The lac Operon in E. coli
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 19: Eukaryotic Genomes: Organization, Regulation, and Evolution

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 19.1  Chromatin structure is based on successive levels of DNA packing
 Activity: DNA Packing
 
 Concept 19.2  Gene expression can be regulated at any stage, but the key step is transcription
 Activity: Overview: Control of Gene Expression
 Activity: Control of Transcription
 Investigation: How Do You Design a Gene Expression System?
 Activity: Post-Transcriptional Control Mechanisms
 Activity: Review: Control of Gene Expression
 
 Concept 19.3  Cancer results from genetic changes that affect cell cycle control
 Activity: Causes of Cancer
 
 Concept 19.4  Eukaryotic genomes can have many noncoding DNA sequences in addition to genes
 
 Concept 19.5  Duplications, rearrangements, and mutations of DNA contribute to genome evolution
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 20: DNA Technology and Genomics

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 20.1  DNA cloning permits production of multiple copies of a specific gene or other DNA segment
 Activity: Applications of DNA Technology
 Activity: Restriction Enzymes
 Activity: Cloning a Gene in Bacteria
 Investigation: How Can Antibiotic-Resistant Plasmids Transform E. coli?
 
 Concept 20.2  Restriction fragment analysis detects DNA differences that affect restriction sites
 Activity: Gel Electrophoresis of DNA
 Activity: Analyzing DNA Fragments Using Gel Electrophoresis
 Investigation: How Can Gel Electrophoresis Be Used to Analyze DNA?
 
 Concept 20.3  Entire genomes can be mapped at the DNA level
 Activity: The Human Genome Project: Genes on Human Chromosome 17
 
 Concept 20.4  Genome sequences provide clues to important biological questions
 
 Concept 20.5 The practical applications of DNA technology affect our lives in many ways
 Activity: DNA Fingerprinting
 Activity: Making Decisions About DNA Technology: Golden Rice
 Video: Biotechnology Lab
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 21: The Genetic Basis of Development

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept   Embryonic development involves cell division, cell differentiation, and morphogenesis
 Video: C. elegans Crawling
 Video: C. elegans Embryo Development (time-lapse)
 
 Concept 21.2  Different cell types result from differential gene expression in cells with the same DNA
 Activity: Signal Transduction Pathways
 
 Concept 21.3  Pattern formation in animals and plants results from similar genetic and cellular mechanisms
 Activity: Role of bicoid Gene in Drosophila Development
 Investigation: How Do bicoid Mutations Alter Development?
 
 Concept 21.4  Comparative studies help explain how the evolution of development leads to morphological diversity
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 22: Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 22.1  The Darwinian revolution overturned traditional views of a young Earth inhabited by unchanging species
 Video: Grand Canyon
 
 Concept 22.2  In The Origin of Species, Darwin proposed that species change through natural selection
 Activity: Darwin and the Galápagos Islands
 Video: Galápagos Islands Overview
 Video: Galápagos Marine Iguana
 Video: Galápagos Sea Lion
 Video: Galápagos Tortoise
 Video: Soaring Hawk
 Activity: The Voyage of the Beagle: Darwin's Trip Around the World  
 Biology Labs On-Line: EvolutionLab
 Video: Snake Ritual Wrestling
 Video: Albatross Courtship Ritual
 Video: Blue-footed Boobies Courtship Ritual
 Video: Sea Horses
 
 Concept 22.3 Darwin's theory explains a wide range of observations
 Investigation: How Do Environmental Changes Affect a Population?
 Investigation: What Are the Patterns of Antibiotic Resistance?
 Activity: Reconstructing Forelimbs  
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 23: The Evolution of Populations

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 23.1  Evolution takes place through genetic changes in populations
 Investigation: How Can Frequency of Alleles Be Calculated?
 Biology Labs On-Line: PopulationGeneticsLab
 Activity: Causes of Evolutionary Change  
 
 Concept 23.2  Mutation and sexual recombination produce the variation that makes evolution possible
 
 Concept 23.3  Natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow can alter a population's genetic composition
 Biology Labs On-Line: EvolutionLab
 Activity: Genetic Variation from Sexual Recombination  
 
 Concept 23.4 Natural selection is the primary mechanism of adaptive evolution
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 24: The Origin of Species

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 24.1  Species arise through reproductive isolation
  Activity: Overview of Macroevolution
 Video: Galápagos Tortoise
  Video: Albatross Courtship Ritual
 Video: Blue-footed Boobies Courtship Ritual
 Video: Giraffe Courtship Ritual
 
 Concept 24.2  Speciation can take place with or without geographic separation
  Investigation: How Do New Species Arise by Genetic Isolation?
 
 Concept 24.3  Macroevolutionary changes can accumulate through many speciation events
  Activity: Allometric Growth
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 25: Phylogeny and Systematics

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 25.1  Phylogenies represent evolutionary histories, based on homologies in fossils and living organisms
 Activity: A Scrolling Geologic Record
 Video: Grand Canyon
 
 Concept 25.2  Phylogenetic systematics connects classification with evolutionary history
 Activity: Classification Schemes
 
 Concept 25.3 Phylogenetic systematics constructs phylogenetic trees based on shared characters
 Investigation: How Is Phylogeny Determined by Comparing Proteins?
 
 Concept 25.4 Much of an organism's evolutionary history is documented in its genome
 
 Concept 25.5 Molecular clocks help track evolutionary time
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 26: The Tree of Life: An Introduction to Biological Diversity

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 26.1  Conditions on early Earth made the origin of life possible
 Investigation: How Did Life Begin on Early Earth?
 Video: Hydrothermal Vent
 
 Concept 26.2  The fossil record chronicles life on Earth
 Activity: A Scrolling Geologic Record
 Video: Grand Canyon
 Video: Volcanic Eruption
 Video: Lava Flow
 
 Concept 26.3  As prokaryotes evolved, they exploited and changed young Earth
 
 Concept 26.4  Eukaryotic cells arose from symbioses and genetic exchange between prokaryotes
 
 Concept 26.5  Multicellularity evolved several times in eukaryotes
 Activity: The History of Life
 Video: Tubeworms
 
 Concept 26.6  New information has revised our understanding of the tree of life
 Activity: Classification Schemes
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 27: Prokaryotes

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 27.1  Structural, functional, and genetic adaptations contribute to prokaryote success
 Activity: Prokaryotic Cell Structure and Function  
 Video: Prokaryotic Flagella
 Video: Cyanobacteria
 
 Concept 27.2  A great diversity of nutritional and metabolic adaptations have evolved in prokaryotes
  Investigation: What are the Modes of Nutrition in Prokaryotes?
  Video: Tubeworms
 
 Concept 27.3  Molecular systematics is shedding light on prokaryote phylogeny
  Activity: Classification of Prokaryotes
 
 Concept 27.4  Prokaryotes play crucial roles in the biosphere
 
 Concept 27.5  Prokaryotes have both harmful and beneficial impacts on humans
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 28: Protists

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 28.1  Protists are an extremely diverse assortment of eukaryotes
 Activity: Tentative Phylogeny of Eukaryotes
 
 Concept 28.2  Diplomonads and parabasalids have modified mitochondria
 
 Concept 28.3  Euglenozoans have flagella with a unique internal structure
 Video: Euglena
 Video: Euglena Motion
 
 Concept 28.4  Alveolates have sacs beneath the plasma membrane
 Video: Dinoflagellate
 Video: Stentor
 Video: Stentor ciliate movement
 Video: Vorticella Cilia
 Video: Vorticella Detail
 Video: Vorticella Habitat
 Video: Paramecium Vacuole
 Video: Paramecium Cilia
 
 Concept 28.5  Stramenopiles have hairy and smooth flagella
 Video: Water Mold Oogonium
 Video: Water Mold Zoospores
 Video: Diatoms Moving
 Video: Various Diatoms
 
 Concept 28.6  Cercozoans and radiolarians have threadlike pseudopodia
 
 Concept 28.7  Amoebozoans are amoebas with lobe-shaped pseudopodia
 Video: Amoeba
 Video: Amoeba Pseudopodia
 Video: Plasmodial Slime Mold Streaming
 Video: Plasmodial Slime Mold
 
 Concept 28.8  Red algae and green algae are the closest relatives of land plants
 Video: Chlamydomonas
 Video: Volvox Colony
 Video: Volvox Daughter
 Video: Volvox Flagella
 Investigation: What Kinds of Protists Do Various Habitats Support?
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 29: Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 29.1 Land plants evolved from green algae
 
 Concept 29.2  Land plants possess a set of derived terrestrial adaptations
 Activity: Terrestrial Adaptations of Plants
 Activity: Highlights of Plant Phylogeny
 
 Concept 29.3 The life cycles of mosses and other bryophytes are dominated by the gametophyte stage
 Activity: Moss Life Cycle
 
 Concept 29.4 Ferns and other seedless vascular plants formed the first forests
 Activity: Fern Life Cycle
 Investigation: What Are the Different Stages of a Fern Life Cycle?
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 30: Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

 Chapter Objetives
 
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 30.1  The reduced gametophytes of seed plants are protected in pollen grains and ovules
 
 Concept 30.2  Gymnosperms bear "naked" seeds, typically on cones
 Activity: Pine Life Cycle
 
 Concept 30.3  Angiosperms, or flowering plants, have seeds enclosed in fruits
 Activity: Angiosperm Life Cycle
 Investigation: How Are Trees Identified by Their Leaves?
 Video: Flower Blooming (Time Lapse)
 Video: Flowering Plant Life Cycle (Time Lapse)
 Video: Bee Pollinating
 Video: Bat Pollinating Agave Plant
 
 Concept 30.4 Human welfare depends greatly on seed plants
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 31: Fungi

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 31.1  Fungi are heterotrophs that feed by absorption
 Activity: Fungal Reproduction and Nutrition
 
 Concept 31.2  Fungi produce spores through sexual or asexual life cycles
 Video: Phlyctochytrium Zoospore Release
 Video: Allomyces Zoospore Release
 
 Concept 31.3  Fungi descended from an aquatic, single-celled, flagellated protist
 
 Concept 31.4  Fungi have radiated into a diverse set of lineages
 Activity: Fungal Life Cycles
 
 Concept 31.5  Fungi have a powerful impact on ecosystems and human welfare
 Investigation: How Does the Fungus Pilobolus Succeed as a Decomposer?
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 32: An Introduction to Animal Diversity

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 32.1  Animals are multicellular heterotrophic eukaryotes with tissues that develop from embryonic layers
 
 Concept 32.2  The evolutionary history of animals spans over a billion years
 
 Concept 32.3  Animals can be characterized by "body plans"
 
 Concept 32.4  Leading hypotheses agree on major features of the animal phylogenetic tree
 Activity: Animal Phylogenetic Tree
 Investigation: How Do Molecular Data Fit Traditional Phylogenies?
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 33: Invertebrates

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 33.1  Sponges are sessile and have a porous body and choanocytes
 
 Concept 33.2  Cnidarians have radial symmetry, a gastrovascular cavity, and cnidocytes
 Video:  Hydra Budding
 Video:  Hydra Eating Daphnia (Time-Lapse)
 Video:  Hydra Releasing Sperm
 Video: Jelly Swimming
 Video: Thimble Jellies
 Video: Coral Reef
 Video: Clownfish and Anemone
 
 Concept 33.3  Most animals have bilateral symmetry
 Video: Rotifer
 
 Concept 33.4  Molluscs have a muscular foot, a visceral mass, and a mantle
 Video: Nudibranchs
 
 Concept 33.5  Annelids are segmented worms
 Video:  Earthworm Locomotion
 Video:  Tubeworms
 
 Concept 33.6  Nematodes are nonsegmented pseudocoelomates covered by a tough cuticle
 Video: C. elegans Crawling
 Video: C. elegans Embryo Development (time-lapse)
 
 Concept 33.7  Arthropods are segmented coelomates that have an exoskeleton and jointed appendages
 Investigation: How Are Insect Species Identified?
 Video: Lobster Mouth Parts
 Video: Bee Pollinating
 Video: Butterfly Emerging
 
 Concept 33.8 Echinoderms and chordates are deuterostomes
 Activity: Characteristics of Invertebrates
 Video:  Echinoderm Tube Feet
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 34: Vertebrates and Other Chordates

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 34.1  Chordates have a notochord and a dorsal hollow nerve cord
 
 Concept 34.2  Craniates are chordates that have a head
 
 Concept 34.3  Vertebrates are craniates that have a backbone
 
 Concept 34.4  Gnathostomes are vertebrates that have jaws
 Video: Coral Reef
 Video: Clownfish and Anemone
 Video: Sea Horses
 Video: Manta Ray
 
 Concept 34.5  Tetrapods are gnathostomes that have limbs and feet
 
 Concept 34.6  Amniotes are tetrapods that have a terrestrially adapted egg
 Investigation: How Does Bone Structure Shed Light on the Origin of Birds?
 Video: Galápagos Marine Iguana
 Video: Galápagos Tortoise
 Video: Snake Ritual Wrestling
 Video: Swans Taking Flight
 Video: Soaring Hawk
 Video: Flapping Geese
 
 Concept 34.7  Mammals are amniotes that have hair and produce milk
 Activity: Characteristics of Chordates
 Activity: Primate Diversity
 Video: Bat Licking Nectar
 Video: Bat Pollinating Agave Plant
 Video: Galápagos Sea Lion
 Video: Whale Eating Seal
 Video: Wolves Agonistic Behavior
 Video: Gibbons Brachiating
 Video: Chimp Agonistic Behavior
 Video: Chimp Cracking Nut
 
 Concept 34.8 Humans are bipedal hominoids with a large brain
 Activity: Human Evolution
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 35: Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 35.1  The plant body has a hierarchy of organs, tissues, and cells
 Activity: Root, Stem, and Leaf Sections
 
 Concept 35.2 Meristems generate cells for new organs
 
 Concept 35.3  Primary growth lengthens roots and shoots
 Video: Root Growth in a Radish Seed (time-lapse)
 Investigation: What Are Functions of Monocot Tissues?
 
 Concept 35.4  Secondary growth adds girth to stems and roots in woody plants
 Activity: Primary and Secondary Growth
 
 Concept 35.5  Growth, morphogenesis, and differentiation produce the plant body
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 36: Transport in Vascular Plants

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 36.1  Physical forces drive the transport of materials in plants over a range of distances
 Video: Plasmolysis
 Video: Turgid Elodea
 
 Concept 36.2  Roots absorb water and minerals from the soil
 
 Concept 36.3  Water and minerals ascend from root to shoot through the xylem
 Activity: Transport of Xylem Sap  
 
 Concept 36.4  Stomata help regulate the rate of transpiration
 Investigation: How Is the Rate of Transpiration Calculated?
 
 Concept 36.5  Organic nutrients are translocated through the phloem
 Activity: Translocation of Phloem Sap
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 37: Plant Nutrition

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 37.1  Plants require certain chemical elements to complete their life cycle
 
 Concept 37.2  Soil quality is a major determinant of plant distribution and growth
 Activity: How Plants Obtain Minerals from Soil
 Investigation: How Does Acid Precipitation Affect Mineral Deficiency?
 Graph It: Global Soil Degradation
 
 Concept 37.3  Nitrogen is often the mineral that has the greatest effect on plant growth
 Activity: The Nitrogen Cycle
 
 Concept 37.4  Plant nutritional adaptations often involve relationships with other organisms
 Video: Sun Dew Trapping Prey
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 38: Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 38.1  Pollination enables gametes to come together within a flower
 Activity: Angiosperm Life Cycle
 Video: Flowering Plant Life Cycle (Time Lapse)
 Video: Flower Blooming (Time Lapse)
 Video: Bee Pollinating
 Video: Bat Pollinating Agave Plant
 
 Concept 38.2  After fertilization, ovules develop into seeds and ovaries into fruits
 Activity: Seed and Fruit Development
 Investigation: What Tells Desert Seeds When to Germinate?
 
 Concept 38.3  Many flowering plants clone themselves by asexual reproduction
 
 Concept 38.4 Plant biotechnology is transforming agriculture
 Activity: Making Decisions About DNA Technology: Golden Rice
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 39: Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 39.1  Signal transduction pathways link signal reception to response
 
 Concept 39.2  Plant hormones help coordinate growth, development, and responses to stimuli
 Video: Phototropism
 Activity: Leaf Abscission
 Investigation: What Plant Hormones Affect Organ Formation?
 
 Concept 39.3  Responses to light are critical for plant success
 Activity: Flowering Lab
 
 Concept  39.4 Plants respond to a wide variety of stimuli other than light
 Video: Gravitropism
 Video: Mimosa Leaf
 
 Concept 39.5  Plants defend themselves against herbivores and pathogens
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 40: Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 40.1  Physical laws and the environment constrain animal size and shape
 Video: Galápagos Sea Lion
 
 Concept 40.2  Animal form and function are correlated at all levels of organization
 Activity: Overview of Animal Tissues
 Activity: Epithelial Tissue
 Activity: Connective Tissue
 Activity: Nervous Tissue
 Activity: Muscle Tissue
 
 Concept 40.3  Animals use the chemical energy in food to sustain form and function
 Video: Hydra Eating Daphnia
 Investigation: How Does Temperature Affect Metabolic Rate in Daphnia?
 
 Concept 40.4  Animals regulate their internal environment within relatively narrow limits
 Activity: Regulation: Negative and Positive Feedback
 
 Concept 40.5 Thermoregulation contributes to homeostasis and involves anatomy, physiology, and behavior
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 41: Animal Nutrition

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Overview
 Activity: Feeding Mechanisms of Animals
 Video: Whale Eating a Seal
 Video: Lobster Mouth Parts
 Video: Paramecium Vacuole
 Video: Paramecium Cilia
 
 Concept 41.1  Homeostatic mechanisms manage an animal's fuel
 Activity: Case Studies of Nutritional Disorders
 
 Concept 41.2  An animal's diet must supply carbon skeletons and essential nutrients
 Activity: Analyzing Food Labels
 
 Concept 41.3  The four main stages of food processing are ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination
 Video: Hydra Eating Daphnia
 
 Concept 41.4  Each organ of the mammalian digestive system has specialized food-processing functions
 Activity: Digestive System Function
 Investigation: What Role Does Amylase Play in Digestion?
 Activity: Hormonal Control of Digestion
 
 Concept 41.5  Evolutionary adaptations of vertebrate digestive systems are often associated with diet
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 42: Circulation and Gas Exchange

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 42.1  Circulatory systems reflect phylogeny
 
 Concept 42.2  Double circulation in mammals depends on the anatomy and pumping cycle of the heart
 Activity: Mammalian Cardiovascular System Structure
 
 Concept 42.3  Physical principles govern blood circulation
 Activity: Path of Blood Flow in Mammals
 Activity: Mammalian Cardiovascular System Function
 Biology Labs On-Line: CardioLab
 
 Concept 42.4  Blood is a connective tissue with cells suspended in plasma
 Investigation: How Is Cardiovascular Fitness Measured?
 
 Concept 42.5  Gas exchange occurs across specialized respiratory surfaces
 Activity: The Human Respiratory System
 
 Concept 42.6  Breathing ventilates the lungs
 
 Concept 42.7  Respiratory pigments bind and transport gases
 Activity: Transport of Respiratory Gases
 Biology Labs On-Line: HemoglobinLab
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 43: The Immune System

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 43.1  Innate immunity provides broad defenses against infection
 
 Concept 43.2  Acquired immunity provides specific defenses against infection
 
 Concept 43.3  Humoral and cell-mediated immunity defend against different threats
 Video: T Cell Receptors
 Activity: Immune Responses
 
 Concept 43.4  Immune rejection limits blood transfusion and transplantation
 
 Concept 43.5 Exaggerated, self-directed, or diminished immune responses can cause disease
 Activity: HIV Reproductive Cycle
 Investigation: What Causes Infections in AIDS Patients?
 Investigation: Why Do AIDS Rates Differ Across the U.S.?
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 44: Osmoregulation and Excretion

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 44.1  Osmoregulation balances the uptake and loss of water and solutes
 
 Concept 44.2  An animal's nitrogenous wastes reflect its phylogeny and habitat
 
 Concept 44.3  Diverse excretory systems are variations on a tubular theme
 
 Concept 44.4  Nephrons and associated blood vessels are the functional units of the mammalian kidney
 Activity: Structure of the Human Excretory System
 Activity: Nephron Function
 
 Concept 44.5 The mammalian kidney's ability to conserve water is a key terrestrial adaptation
 Activity: Control of Water Reabsorption
 Investigation: What Affects Urine Production?
 
 Concept 44.6  Diverse adaptations of the vertebrate kidney have evolved in different habitats
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 45: Hormones and the Endocrine System

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 45.1  The endocrine system and the nervous system act individually and together to regulate biological processes
 
 Concept 45.2  Chemical signals bind to receptors in target cells, initiating pathways that culminate in specific cell responses
 Activity: Overview of Cell Signaling
 Activity: Peptide Hormone Action
 Activity: Steroid Hormone Action
 
 Concept 45.3  The hypothalamus and pituitary integrate many functions of the vertebrate endocrine system
 
 Concept 45.4  Nonpituitary hormones help regulate metabolism, homeostasis, development, and behavior
  Activity: Human Endocrine Glands and Hormones
  Investigation: How Do Thyroxine and TSH Affect Metabolism?
 
 Concept 45.5  Invertebrate regulatory systems also involve endocrine and nervous system interactions
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 46: Animal Reproduction

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 46.1  Both sexual and asexual reproduction occur in the animal kingdom
 Video: Hydra Budding
 Video: Hydra Releasing Sperm
 
 Concept 46.2  Fertilization depends on mechanisms that help sperm meet eggs of the same species
 
 Concept 46.3  Reproductive organs produce and transport gametes: focus on humans
 Activity: Reproductive System of the Human Female
 Activity: Reproductive System of the Human Male
 Investigation: What Might Obstruct the Male Urethra?
 
 Concept 46.4  In humans and other mammals, a complex interplay of hormones regulates gametogenesis
 
 Concept 46.5  In humans and other placental mammals, an embryo grows into a newborn in the mother's uterus
 Video: Ultrasound of Human Fetus 1
 Video: Ultrasound of Human Fetus 2
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 47: Animal Development

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 47.1  After fertilization, embryonic development proceeds through cleavage, gastrulation, and organogenesis
 Activity: Sea Urchin Development
 Video: Sea Urchin Embryonic Development
 Investigation: What Determines Cell Differentiation in the Sea Urchin?
 Activity: Frog Development
 Video: Frog Embryo Development
 Video: C. elegans Embryo Development (time-lapse)
 Video: Ultrasound of Human Fetus 1
 Video: Ultrasound of Human Fetus 2
 
 Concept 47.2  Morphogenesis in animals involves specific changes in cell shape, position, and adhesion
 
 Concept 47.3  The developmental fate of cells depends on their history and on inductive signals
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 48: Nervous Systems

 Chapter Objetives
 
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 48.1  Nervous systems consist of circuits of neurons and supporting cells
 Activity: Neuron Structure
 
 Concept 48.2  The membrane potential is the basis of information processing by the nervous system
 
 Concept 48.3  Action potentials carry long-distance information in the nervous system
 Activity: Nerve Signals: Action Potentials
 Investigation: What Triggers Nerve Impulses?
 
 Concept 48.4  Neurons communicate with other cells at synapses
 Activity: Signal Transmission at a Chemical Synapse
 
 Concept 48.5  The vertebrate nervous system is regionally specialized
 
 Concept 48.6  The cerebral cortex controls voluntary movement and cognitive functions
 
 Concept 48.7  Much research effort is directed at treating CNS injuries and diseases
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 49: Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 49.1  Sensory receptors transduce stimulus energy and transmit signals to the central nervous system
 
 Concept 49.2  The mechanoreceptors involved with hearing and equilibrium detect settling particles or moving fluid
 
 Concept 49.3  The senses of taste and smell are closely related in most animals
 
 Concept 49.4  Similar mechanisms underlie vision throughout the animal kingdom
 Activity: Structure and Function of the Eye
 
 Concept 49.5  Animal skeletons function in support, protection, and movement
 Activity: Human Skeleton
 
 Concept 49.6  Muscles move skeletal parts by contracting
 Activity: Skeletal Muscle Structure
 Activity: Muscle Contraction
 Investigation: How Do Electrical Stimuli Affect Muscle Contraction?
 
 Concept 49.7  Locomotion requires energy to overcome friction and gravity
 Video: Jelly Swimming
 Video: Thimble Jellies
 Video: Echinoderm Tube Feet
 Video: Manta Ray
 Video: Coral Reef
 Video: Clownfish and Anemone
 Video: Earthworm Locomotion
 Video: C. elegans Crawling
 Video: Gibbons Brachiating
 Video: Soaring Hawk
 Video: Swans Taking Flight
 Video: Flapping Geese
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 50: An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 50.1  Ecology is the study of interactions between organisms and their environment
 Activity: Science, Technology, and Society: DDT
 
 Concept 50.2  Interactions between organisms and the environment limit the distribution of species
 Activity: Adaptations to Biotic and Abiotic Factors
 Investigation: How Do Abiotic Factors Affect Distribution of Organisms?
 Video: Clownfish and Anemone
 Video: Tubeworms
 Video: Hydrothermal Vent
 
 Concept 50.3  Abiotic and biotic factors influence the structure and dynamics of aquatic biomes
 Activity: Aquatic Biomes
 Video: Coral Reef
 
 Concept 50.4  Climate is a major factor determining the distribution and structure of terrestrial biomes
 Activity: Terrestrial Biomes
 Video: Flapping Geese
 Video: Swans Taking Flight
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 51: Behavioral Ecology

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 51.1  Behavioral ecologists distinguish between proximate and ultimate causes of behavior
 Investigation: How Can Pillbug Responses to Environments Be Tested?
 Video: Ducklings
 
 Concept 51.2  Many behaviors have a strong genetic component
 Activity: Honeybee Waggle Dance Video
 
 Concept 51.3  Environment, interacting with an animal's genetic makeup, influences the development of behaviors
 Video: Chimp Cracking Nut
 
 Concept 51.4   Behavioral traits can evolve by natural selection
 
 Concept 51.5  Natural selection favors behaviors that increase survival and reproductive success
 Video: Snake Wrestle Ritual
 Video: Albatross Courtship Ritual
 Video: Blue-footed Boobies Courtship Ritual
 Video: Chimp Agonistic Behavior
 Video: Wolves Agonistic Behavior
 Video: Giraffe Courtship Ritual
 
 Concept 51.6  The concept of inclusive fitness can account for most altruistic social behavior
 Video: Bee Pollinating
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 52: Population Ecology

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 52.1  Dynamic biological processes influence population density, dispersion, and demography
 Activity: Techniques for Estimating Population Density and Size
 Activity: Investigating Survivorship Curves
 
 Concept 52.2  Life histories are diverse, but fall into a few broad categories
 
 Concept 52.3  The exponential model describes population growth in an idealized, unlimited environment
 
 Concept 52.4  The logistic growth model incorporates the concept of carrying capacity
 
 Concept 52.5  Populations are controlled by a complex interaction of biotic and abiotic influences
 Biology Labs On-Line: PopulationEcologyLab
 
 Concept 52.6  Human population growth has slowed after centuries of exponential increase
 Activity: Human Population Growth
 Activity: Analyzing Age-Structure Pyramids
 Graph It: Age Pyramids and Population Growth
 Biology Labs On-Line: DemographyLab
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 53: Community Ecology

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 53.1  A community's interactions include competition, predation, herbivory, symbiosis, and disease
 Video: Whale Eating a Seal
 Video: Clownfish and Anemone
 Video: Sea Horses
 Activity: Interspecific Interactions
 Biology Labs On-Line: PopulationEcologyLab
 
 Concept 53.2  Dominant and keystone species exert strong controls on community structure
 Activity: Food Webs
 Investigation: How Are Impacts on Community Diversity Measured?
 
 Concept 53.3  Disturbance influences species diversity and composition
 Activity: Primary Succession
 
 Concept 53.4  Biogeographic factors affect community biodiversity
 Activity: Exploring Island Biogeography
 Graph It: Species Area Effect and Island Biogeography
 
 Concept 53.5  Contrasting views of community structure are the subject of continuing debate
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 54: Ecosystems

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 54.1  Ecosystem ecology emphasizes energy flow and chemical cycling
 
 Concept 54.2  Physical and chemical factors limit primary production in ecosystems
  Investigation: How Do Temperature and Light Affect Primary Production?
  Video: Cyanobacteria
 
 Concept 54.3  Energy transfer between trophic levels is usually less than 20% efficient
  Activity: Pyramids of Production
 Graph It: Animal Food Production Efficiency and Food Policy
 
 Concept 54.4  Biological and geologic processes move nutrients between organic and inorganic parts of the ecosystem
 Activity: Energy Flow and Chemical Cycling
 Activity: The Carbon Cycle
  Activity: The Nitrogen Cycle
 
 Concept 54.5  The human population is disrupting chemical cycles throughout the biosphere
  Activity: Water Pollution from Nitrates
  Activity: The Greenhouse Effect
 Graph It: Atmospheric CO2 and Temperature Changes
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 

Chapter 55: Conservation Biology and Restoration Ecology

 Chapter Objetives
 
 Pre-Test
 
 Concept 55.1  Human activities threaten Earth's biodiversity
 Activity: Madagascar and the Biodiversity Crisis
 Activity: Introduced Species: Fire Ants
 Graph It: Forestation Changes
 Graph It: Global Fisheries and Overfishing
 Graph It: Municipal Solid Waste Trends in the U.S.
 Video: Coral Reef
 
 Concept 55.2  Population conservation focuses on population size, genetic diversity, and critical habitat
 
 Concept 55.3  Landscape and regional conservation aim to sustain entire biotas
 
 Concept 55.4  Restoration ecology attempts to restore degraded ecosystems to their natural state
 Investigation: How Are Potential Prairie Restoration Sites Analyzed?
 
 Concept 55.5  Sustainable development seeks to improve the human condition while conserving biodiversity
 Activity: Conservation Biology Review
 Graph It: Global Freshwater Resources
 Graph It: Prospects for Renewable Energy
 
 Chapter Review
 
 Self Quiz
 
 Activities Quiz
 
 Chapter Quiz

 
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